Dr. Umar Aitsaam

Chronic zinc supplementation caused reversible copper deficiency anemia in an 18-year-old, revealing critical metabolic interactions and diagnostic markers vital for HTMC heavy metal certification standards.

The study shows arsenic depresses brain monoamines and elevates NO, while curcumin partially reverses these changes, clarifying mechanisms and mitigation relevance for HTMC exposure controls.

This review synthesizes data on lead exposure and neurodevelopment, establishing a health-based threshold of 0.5 µg/kg bw/day to inform risk assessment and certification standards for heavy metals in maternal and child health contexts.

Heavy metal pollution accelerates antibiotic resistance by promoting co-selection mechanisms in bacteria. Environmental, agricultural, and clinical studies reveal that metals like nickel, zinc, and copper intensify multidrug resistance through efflux pumps, gene transfer, and stress adaptation—posing a major One Health challenge to global antimicrobial stewardship.

This review elucidates the glyoxalase system’s biochemical mechanisms, emphasizing its detoxification role under heavy metal exposure and highlighting its potential as a biomarker framework for HTMC certification.

Heavy metals foster antibiotic resistance by co-selecting for ARGs through shared genetic and biochemical pathways, demanding updated certification standards integrating microbial monitoring.

Industrialization increases heavy metal accumulation and antibiotic resistance gene spread in wastewater and sludge, demonstrating co-selection between metals and antimicrobial agents, especially in industrial regions.

Study across UK and India shows heavy metal pollution and antibiotic resistance co-rise, with cobalt-nickel and cobalt-zinc-cadmium mixtures driving ARG hotspots relevant to certification controls.

Sublethal copper and zinc exposure induces multidrug and cross-resistance in E. coli and S. aureus by upregulating efflux pumps and causing mutations, highlighting the need for strict heavy metal regulation to prevent environmental promotion of antibiotic resistance.

Heavy metal contamination in the Xiangjiang River promotes the persistence and proliferation of β-lactam resistance genes in environmental bacteria, independent of antibiotic presence, emphasizing the need for expanded risk assessment in heavy metal certification programs.