Divine Aleru is an accomplished biochemist and researcher with a specialized background in environmental toxicology, focusing on the impacts of heavy metals on human health. With deep-rooted expertise in microbiome signatures analysis, Divine seamlessly blends rigorous scientific training with her passion for deciphering the intricate relationships between environmental exposures and the human microbiome. Her career is distinguished by a commitment to advancing integrative health interventions, leveraging cutting-edge microbiome research to illuminate how toxic metals shape biological systems. Driven by curiosity and innovation, Divine is dedicated to translating complex environmental findings into actionable insights that improve individual and public health outcomes. 
Divine Aleru is an accomplished biochemist and researcher with a specialized background in environmental toxicology, focusing on the impacts of heavy metals on human health. With deep-rooted expertise in microbiome signatures analysis, Divine seamlessly blends rigorous scientific training with her passion for deciphering the intricate relationships between environmental exposures and the human microbiome. Her career is distinguished by a commitment to advancing integrative health interventions, leveraging cutting-edge microbiome research to illuminate how toxic metals shape biological systems. Driven by curiosity and innovation, Divine is dedicated to translating complex environmental findings into actionable insights that improve individual and public health outcomes. What was issued?
The study investigates the levels of lead exposure among workers in the lead acid battery repair units of transport service enterprises in Addis Ababa. The study evaluates lead exposure using urinary aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) as a biomarker, which is indicative of lead toxicity. The study also measures renal health indicators such as serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea, and uric acid. The findings suggest that workers in these units are at significant risk due to inadequate preventive measures and lack of effective occupational safety controls.
Who is affected?
Workers in the lead acid battery repair units of transport service enterprises are most affected by lead exposure, particularly those with long-term exposure. The study identified 51 workers in these units, 45 of whom were male. Additionally, individuals living near these workplaces are also at risk due to environmental contamination from lead dust and improper disposal of used batteries. The lack of protective equipment and awareness in these enterprises exacerbates the risks for workers, highlighting the need for better regulations and safety measures.
Most important findings
The study found that urinary δ-ALA levels were significantly higher in the exposed group compared to non-exposed controls, with workers in repair units showing nearly double the levels of δ-ALA. The increased δ-ALA levels correlate with the duration of employment, with those working longer showing even higher levels of exposure. The study also indicated that alcohol consumption exacerbated lead exposure, as alcohol-taking workers showed elevated δ-ALA levels compared to their non-alcohol-consuming counterparts. Despite these markers of lead exposure, there were no significant differences in kidney function indicators like serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and blood urea between exposed and non-exposed workers, although some signs of kidney impairment were noted. Importantly, none of the repair units had implemented effective safety measures or provided training regarding lead toxicity.
Key implications
The findings highlight a serious public health concern for workers in industries with high lead exposure, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. There is an urgent need for better workplace regulations and protective measures, including proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and improved training on lead toxicity. Enterprises should prioritize creating safer work environments, such as improving ventilation and implementing safe battery disposal methods. Regular health checks and biological monitoring of workers’ lead exposure are critical. Moreover, the results underscore the need for more stringent enforcement of occupational health standards and the establishment of regulations on lead exposure in these sectors. Public health campaigns should focus on educating workers and communities about the risks associated with lead exposure and the importance of preventive actions.
Citation
Ahmed, K., Ayana, G., & Engidawork, E. (2008). Lead exposure study among workers in lead acid battery repair units of transport service enterprises, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London, England), 3, 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-3-30
Lead is a neurotoxic heavy metal with no safe exposure level. It contaminates food, consumer goods and drinking water, causing cognitive deficits, birth defects and cardiovascular disease. HMTC’s rigorous lead testing applies ALARA principles to protect infants and consumers and to prepare brands for tightening regulations.
